Planetarium.



N0. 659,@W. Patented Oct. I6, |900.

J. M. JUNES.

PLANETARIUM.

(Application filed Dec. 12, 1899.) mo Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

No. @59,an. Patented out. ls, |900. .1. M. Jones.

PLANETRIUM.

(Applaton led Dec. 12, 1999.)

mo Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 659,817. Patented Oct. I6, |900.

J. M.. JDNES.

PLANETABIUM.

(Application med Dec. 12, 1899.1

QNn Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

DsfancninMiufPlanzsfwmhz Sun- Pgighgu Sun. 065.350 Mer'cury. 36,000,0003,000105,330 se days. Venus. .07,000,000 7.510 77,000 225 n Earth,...93,000,000 7,920 05,533 365 i Uf Mars. 141,000,000 1.200 53,000 607Jupter, .403,000,000 67,000 20,741 1 Wears. Salurn,. 056,000,000 71,00021.221 29 Uranus. 1.7s0,0o0,000 31,700 14,963 M- 1. Nepune,2.700.000.000 34-,500 11,050 165 -M'nnn frnmllTmI-:ltb oaulnnn 0 nn Ijpl/77765065; Y www3/4f we Norms Pneus co.. 1010101.11110.. wAsHxuawn.u. e,

Y UNTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. JONES, OF PALMYRA, NEW YORK.

PLANETA-mum.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 659,817, dated October16, 1900.

Application filed December 12, 1899. Serial No. 740,094. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. JONES, a citizen of the United States,residing at Palmyra, in the county of Vayneand State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Planetariums, of whichthe following is a specification.

My present invention pertains to improvements in planetariums, theconstruction and advantages of which will be hereinafter set forth,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l is aperspective view of the entire apparatus; Fig. 2, a perspective View ofcertain portions thereof, showing the parts in a separated condition;Fig. 3, a face View of the planetarium proper, and Fig. 4 a similar viewof the explanatory diagram going with and forming a part of thecompleted planetariuni.

One object of my invention is to provide a simple and compactplanetarium, in which the arms carrying the representations of thevarious planets may be moved around a com- Inon center representing thesun without affecting one another in their movements.

A still further object of myinvention is to provide a case in which theplanetarium may be mounted, so that when opened an explana tory diagramcontaining matter relative to the various planets shown will beV broughtinto such position that it may be readily and easily referred to.

In the accompanying drawings, A denotes the main casing or box, and B acover hinged thereto, preferably at one side, as shown in Fig. l. It isdesigned when the apparatus is in use that the box shall be upon asuitable support or suspended from the wall in a vertical position, sothat when the cover or lid is open it maybe swung around into theposition indicated in Fig. l, wherein it will be noted that theexplanatory diagram stands to one side of the planetarium and may bereadily referred to by the person using the device. The inner face ofthe bottom of the box is provided with a chart, upon which appears aseries of circles C, each representing the orbit of a particular planet,and said circles are intersected by a series of radiating lines D, whichdivide the circles into degrees, starting with zero at the bottom. Thename box or casing is a shaft or spindle E," in one side of which isformed a groove or channel F, for purpose which will presently appear.

Each of the planets is carried at the outer end of an arm G, which, aswill be seen upon reference to Fig. 2, is enlarged at its inner end andprovided with a central opening H of a rsize adapted to pass over andmake a neat t with the spindle or shaft E.

In assembling the several arms upon the central shaft or spindle thereis placed bctween each a washer or disk I, provided with aninwardly-projecting finger orlug J, which extends into the groove orchannel l", and thus prevents the washers from rotating about thespindle or shaft. Thus it will be seen that when one of the arms G ismoved the washers adjacent thereto on each side cannot rotate therewith,and consequently no movement is imparted to the other arms mounted onthe shaft or spindle.

To secure the various arms and washers in place, I provide the outer endof the shaft or spindle E with a reduced threaded portion K, over whichare passed a Washer L and a disk M, preferably provided with a series ofpoints or projections upon its periphery. When these are in place, a nutN secures them all in their proper positions and prevents any endwisemovement of the same relative to the shaft, while leaving the arms freeto move thereabout. Over the nut N and upon the end of the reducedportion K there with a socket-piece P, adapted and designed to receivethe shaft vor stud Q, "carrying one of the representations of theplanets. This stud Q is secured in place in the socket-piece P by meansof a set-screw R. It will therefore be seen that theplanets may beremoved l Being` thus loosely mounted upon the shaft it matters ynotwhat the position of the arm may be, for the pendant 'ori sign Willalways hang vertically and the printing thereon appear in properposition to beread. Each of the several .planets will be provided withits own moons, as is usual in this class of devices.

In order to indicate the direction of .Inovement of the arms, andconsequently the di'- rection of travel 'of the planets, Aa xgure Vorother suitable indicating device is placed, preferably, at the upperportion of the chart. Any suitabledescription Vor explanatory :mattermay, as shown in Fig. 3, be placed upon the chart outside of the orbitallines.

The cover B, as before stated, is provided with an explanatory diagramT, to one'side of which is secured a bar U, hav-ing slidably mountedthereon an indicator or farm V, the indicator or arm beingso-'arrangedas to carry out a line of notations for vanyone of the various planets.The'diagra'm shownis merely for the purpose of illustration, andanyother printed mattei may be Asubstituted therefor. For instance, a chartshowing the variou'szpositions of the planets from time to time or monthto month might Abe substituted and the indicating arm or `pointer usedin th-e same manner, as illustrated.

As Will be noted upon reference to Figs. 2 and 3, each of theplanetrepresentations has projecting out from it an arm a., carrying avsphere b, which sphere is designed to show the comparative diameter ofthe planet to the sun-that is to say, the diameterpf b is to thediameter of the planet representation as the diameter of lthe lplanetrepresentation is to tha-t of the sun or the n uft O.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- Vl. Inaplanetarium, the .combination of a suitable vertically-disposed base;afseries of arms 'pivotally mounted thereon carrying planetrepresentations; and vpendent plat-es pivotally attached to the planet'representations, substantially asand'for the purpose described.

2. A lplanetari-um provided With an yarm movable inasubstantially-verticalplane, said arm carrying a planet representation;and a pendent plate gpivotally secured thereto, said plate havingnotations thereon, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In a planetarium, the combination of a suit-able base; acentral shaftor spindle secured thereto and provided with "a groove or channel in itsface; a series of arms journaled upon said spindle; Washers interposedintermediate said arms, said Washers being provided With lugs or lingersadapted to enter -1 the groeve Ain 'the fac'e of the shaft or spindle;

and means for securing said arms and wash- -crs in place upon the shaft.

4. Ina planetarium, the combination of a suitable base; a shaft orspindle secured thereto andprovided with a channel or groove Fin itsface; a series of arms Gr journaled upon said shaft, I'each-'armcarrying a planet representation at its outer end; a series of Washers Imounted upon `said Vshaft or spindle intermediate said arms, each Washerbeing provided with-'a fingeror projection j adapted to enter theSgroove; :and "a suitable lockingnu'tfadapted to fbe secured upon theouter end ofthe shaft holding the parts in position, substantially asdescribed.

5. `In fa planetarium, the 'combination of a suitable base; -a yshaft orspindle secured thereto and vprovided with agroove or channelF in itsface; aseries of arms G journaled upon said shaft, each of said larmscarrying at its outer 'end a planet representation; a

of `each of said arms.; Washers I placed upon theshaft intermediate thearms G, each of said Washers being .provided With a finger or means forsecuring the arms and Washers in place upon the shaft.

6. In Vaplanetarium, the lcombination of a sui-table base; a Vshaft lorspindle secured thereto jand provided With agroove or channel `F on oneface thereof; aseries of armsG journaled upon said shaftor spindle;aplanet representation removably'secured tothe outer end-of `each arm; apendent plate likewise carried lby'the'outerend'of veach of saidarmsWashers Iplaced upon the vshaft intermediate said `ar-In's Gr and.provided with a `finger or projection adapted to 'enter the groove VF;a disk M secured upon the outer -`end of :the shaft by a nut N; and arounded nut O secured upon the end yof the shaft -or spindle over lthelnut N, ysubstantially as and 'for the purpose "descri-bed.

7. In aplanetarium, thecombination of a suitable casi-ng.; 'a'series of:planet `representations pivotally mounted thereon; a `chart vor diagram'independent of the .planet repreand :an arm movablyfsecu'redupon thecasing over-said `chartordiagramand adapted to be brought into properposition thereover to indicate the movement Aof 'a particular planetrepresen-tation, substantiallyzas and for the purpose described.

8. "In a planetarium, vthecombination'of a suitableshaftor spindle.;a'series of arms G journaled thereon; :afsocket-.piece P carried attheouter endot' each ofsaid arms; a planet representation provided witha shaft Q adaptpende-nt plate also carried lat the outer endV projectionkadapted toenter-thegroove F; and4 sentations, land also carried lbythecasing;

IOO

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carried by each of said arms; and a sphere or body attached to andcarried by said planet r 5 representations, said sphere or body being soproportioned as to indicate the comparative diameter of the planet tothe sun.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of zo two subscribing` Witnesses.

JOI-IN M. JONES.

Witnesses:

GEO. R. STETsoN, HARRY G. CHAPMAN.

